Monday, August 24, 2020

Race and ethnicity in the United States Census Essay

The media is an industry where the opposition is exceptional and it has been utilized by the administration people, associations, organizations, society, and family and so on for different purposes. Nonetheless, because of the expanding rivalry in the business, numerous on occasion the capacities and obligations which the media owes to the general public are fundamentally neglected. There are different elements of the media some will be talked about later on in this paper. The point of the media has to a dreadfully enormous degree moved from satisfying its jobs to the general public, rather their attention is regularly on how much amusement they can offer to their crowd and how much cash they can make and how rapidly they can make it. Amusement and cash making is unquestionably key in the presence, endurance and development of this industry, all things considered, this ought not be accomplished by improperly depicting a group’s personality in any structure. Meaning OF KEY TERMS Construction †To make or make, by assembling thoughts, segments or contentions. Gathering Identity †This alludes to a person’s feeling of having a place with a gathering. Media-Are correspondence channels through which news, amusement, training, information or limited time messages are dispersed. Media incorporates each communicating and limited giving medium such a role as papers, magazines, TV, radio, bulletins, regular postal mail, phone, fax and web (business word reference, 2015). Hypothetical FRAMEWORK SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY BY TAJFEL and TURNER (1979) This hypothesis was propounded so as to comprehend the mental reasons and reason for between bunch separation. The parts of this hypothesis goes along these lines: Categorization-This is simply the way toward putting and others into classifications, our mental self view is related with the classifications we have a place with. Recognizable proof †This is simply the procedure by which we partner with specific gatherings of individuals. By and by there are a few gatherings we don’t need to be related to (out gatherings) and there are some we would need to be related to (in gatherings). Examination This is the procedure through which we contrast our gatherings and different gatherings, accordingly making a positive inclination towards the gatherings in which we are individuals from. This part of this work will concentrate on two striking elements of the media in the midst of the different ones there are. Social legacy work The onus lies on the media to transmit positive racial and ethnic qualities about each current race and ethnic gathering. The demonstration of featuring and highlighting the different negativities of races and ethnic gatherings ought to be maintained a strategic distance from. Observation work This is the obligation the media owes to the general public in flowing news and data when vital, the media is liable for giving data about occasions. THE CONSTRUCTION OF GROUP IDENTITY BY HOLLYWOOD (A STUDY OF THE LATINO RACE) There are five acclaimed races on the planet: 1) Mongoloid (Asian and American Indian) 2) Caucasoid (European) 3) Australoid (Australian and maritime) 4) Negroid (East African dark). 5) Capoid (South African dark) The Latinos could be said to have a place with the Mongoloid race and the greater part of the 315 million individuals who live in the United States of America are either migrants or have lineage to another nation. In undeniable reality, the main genuinely American individuals are the Native ones. This nation depends on the possibility of movement in quest for a superior social and monetary life. As indicated by U. S. Enumeration Bureau (2012), there are about 52 million Hispanics/Latinos living in the United States, speaking to roughly 16. 7% of the all out populace of United States of America, and making them the nation’s biggest ethnic minority. Among Hispanic subgroups, Mexicans appraised as the biggest at 63%, trailed by Puerto Ricans (9. 2%), Cubans (3. 5%), Salvadorans (3. 3%), Dominicans (2. 8%), and the staying 18. 2% were Colombians, Guatemalans, Portuguese, Honduras, Ecuadorians, Peruvians, Brazilian. The primary purpose behind their relocation has been either that they are politically jeopardized or have budgetary issues. For example the Cubans who wound up in America needed to escape from the political conditions in their nation. Getting away from the socialist government rehearsed in Cuba, they were considered as ‘political refugees’ in America for three and a half decades until 1995. Because of America’s restriction to the Cuban government, they were treated in America better than practically some other ethnic gathering. This has additionally been somewhat a result of their significant level of instruction and polished skill before relocation (Martins, 2006 as observed in Mousavi and Sadeghi, 2013). Latinos, Mexicans specifically, for the most part live in the Southwest; practically half in California and Texas. Puerto Ricans are for the most part in the East and Cubans are in Florida. As indicated by the U. S. Registration Bureau, lawful Hispanic family unit pay is just 75 percent of White American pay. There is likewise a high pace of neediness and joblessness among them, and their financial status is at a low level. The reason for this circumstance is somewhat their occupations being the most minimal paid ones, their low training level, and business segregation (Camarillo and Bonilla, 2001). They are available in the news, promotions, political races, political discussions, TV and movies. The regular significant element that is available in these depictions is the issues identified with them that ought to be illuminated and not to be celebrated, overstated or misused by Hollywood. Before now African Americans were bound to be depicted as residential laborers in Hollywood. African Americans assumed significant jobs in TV sitcoms, for example, â€Å"Beulah† in the 1950’s and â€Å"Gone with the wind† in 1939. As of late Latinos have progressively supplanted African Americans as Hollywood domestics. Hollywood has introduced an inaccurate truth of the Latino individuals to the American individuals and to the world everywhere, it has overstated a poor picture of this specific race. In spite of the fact that the Latinos who live in America get more tasks to carry out in Hollywood, the greater part of these jobs are referenced in the following section. The Latino female is regularly introduced as a seductress, vamp, salacious, indiscriminate, unfaithful, manipulative, of free ethics or compliant on occasion corresponding to a white male dream, low class, serving the whites. A rundown of Ten Latino Female specialists who have assumed the job of a house cleaner in Hollywood Movies/arrangement. Jennifer Lopez †Maid in Manhattan, 2002 Aida Linares-Clueless, 1995 Lupe Ontiveros-As great as it gets, 1997 (She has played a gauge of 150 servant jobs on TV). Consuela-Family Guy, 2005-till present Nadine Valesquez-My name is Earl, 2005-2009 Paz Vega-Spanglish, 2004 Kate Del Castillo-La misma Luna, 2007 Adriana Barraza-Babel, 2006 Catalina Saavedra, The house cleaner, 2009 Roselyn Sanchez, Devious Maids, 2013-till present Pania Ramirez †Devious Maids, 2013 till present THE MEDIA, DIVERSITY AND SOCIAL CHANGE INITIATIVE (MDSCI)’S SIX YEAR STUDY REVEALS SOME STATISTICS. Among the racial and ethnic gatherings concentrated in the Media, Diversity, and Social Change Initiative’s report, discharged August 2014, Latinos made up just 4. 9% of film characters across 100 of 2013’s top-earning films. As per the U. S. Evaluation Bureau’s gauges, there are about 52 million Latinos in the U. S. starting at July 1, 2011, or simply over 16% of the present U. S. populace. That number is on target to arrive at 132. 8 million †or about 30% of the U. S. populace †by July 1, 2050. LATINOS THAT ARE DEPICTED IN TOP-GROSSING MOVIES ARE MOSTLY NAKED. While the investigation notes that â€Å"Hispanic females (37. 3%) were bound to be included in well known movies than were white females (29. 6%) or Asian females (32%),† Latinas are likewise more probable than females among any of different gatherings considered (37. 5%, to be exact) to be indicated incompletely dressed or naked on the big screen. LATINOS ARE ALSO HIGHLY LIKELY TO BE SEXUALIZED. The sexualization of Latinos doesn't stop with ladies. Latino men were the most probable among the considered gatherings (16. 5%) to be portrayed wearing â€Å"tight, charming or uncovering attire. † DANGERS OF THE NEGATIVE PORTRAYAL OF RACE and ETHNICITY BY THE MEDIA ?Since there is an inclination to accept what is spoken to or delineated by the media; as specific races or ethnic gatherings are frequently adversely depicted, other people who are not familiar with such gathering of individuals will undoubtedly accept they are really the manner in which the media has introduced them. ? Another threat of negative depictions of race/ethnic gatherings by the media is that the more youthful ones from such gatherings will most likely be unable to see themselves better than the manner in which the media has depicted them. For instance if a race is consistently delineated as a house keeper or as disgusting killer the more youthful age of such gatherings may not see anything amiss with being that way and could really wind up as same. ? This specific race have existing difficulties of work, poor training; the persistent delineations as such doesn't help take care of these issues, however just declines them. ?It could be hard for individuals who are contrarily depicted to keep associations with or among different races who are portrayed as better than them. THE NOLLYWOOD CONSTRUCT OF ETHNICITY (A STUDY OF THE YORUBA, AND NORTHERN NIGERIANS) The establishing fathers of Yoruba films in Nigeria I. e. Herbert Ogunde, Moses Olaiya (Baba Sala) Based their chips away at the useful estimations of the Yoruba ethnic gathering without leaving their crowd engaged. As of late Nollywood has dismissed the exchange of social legacy work in the creation of Yoruba films. More regularly than would normally be appropriate damaging explanations, coming down of condemnations and the innovation of such and wickedness has been interchangeable with Yoruba films. The exceptionally rich Yoruba culture which the world could gain from is regularly being ta

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Women’s Plight in Katherine Mansfield’s Life Of Ma Parker :: Life Of Ma Parker Essays

Katherine Mansfield’s Life of Ma Parker presents the predicament of Ma Parker as a common laborers lady when the new century rolled over, regarding her situation in the circle of the family and in the circle of society. Life of Ma Parker is an account of a bereaved charwoman. Like Miss Brill, Ma Parker is a desolate lady, however their similarly difficult story is told in an unexpected way, for the most part since Mansfield supplies no foundation to account why Miss Brill’s Sunday goes as it does. As the title of the story means, we get the tale of Ma Parker’s life, which clarifies her present circumstance. As worker, spouse, and mother, she’s the conventional British common laborers female when the new century rolled over †cowed by drudgery and troubled by misfortune. Her better half, a dough puncher, passed on of ‘white lung’ sickness, and those kids who endure the high pace of newborn child mortality succumbed to different ills of the late-Victorian underclass: displacement, prostitution, unexpected frailty, more regrettable karma (Lohafer 475). At the current point in the story, Ma Parker shows up to work in the place of the scholarly refined man after she covered the earlier day her caring grandson, Lennie, who was the main beam of light in her horrid life. As indicated by Irigaray, all the frameworks of trade that arrange male centric social orders and all the modalities of profitable work that are perceived, values, and remunerated in these social orders are men’s business†¦.[t]he work power is this constantly thought to be manly, and ‘products’ are articles to be utilized, objects of exchange among men alone (171). Mama Parker needs to assume the job of an article coursed among manly managers as she needs to help her kids and herself. Mama starts filling in as ahead of schedule as the age of sixteen as a kitching-house keeper (143). Later on, [w]hen that family was sold up she went a s ‘help’ to a doctor’s house, and following two years there, on the run from morning till light, she wedded her significant other (144). Mama is an object of exchange among men, as she moves starting with one male worker then onto the next, until she is hitched. Presently at that point, Ma was working for the abstract man, as individuals exhorted him to get a witch in once every week to tidy up (142, my italics). The abstract man, inhumane toward his environmental factors and forlorn as Ma Parker simultaneously, dirties everything around him and leaves everything resembling an enormous dustbin (142), however Ma felt sorry for the poor youthful noble man for having nobody to take care of him (142).

Friday, July 24, 2020

Signs and Symptoms of Stress in Men

Signs and Symptoms of Stress in Men Stress Management Print How Recognize the Stress Symptoms in Men By Jerry Kennard Jerry Kennard, PhD, is a psychologist and associate fellow of the British Psychological Society. Learn about our editorial policy Jerry Kennard Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 23, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 05, 2020 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Robert Daly/Caiaimage/Getty Images When the pressures around a person outstrip their ability to cope with them, we call this stress. What we really mean is distress, because there are two kinds of stress: eustress, or helpful stress, and distress, which is unhelpful and damaging stress. Without some stress, we would not have the motivation to win races, solve problems, take exams and make important changes. Stress is a protector in that it gives us a mechanism for dealing with threats. It prompts us to confront threats or avoid themâ€"the so-called fight or flight mechanism. But stress, particularly long-term stress, can be a factor in the onset or worsening of ill health and a shortened lifespan.?? Men may not always good at recognizing stress in themselves, and stress is clearly an individual experience. What one man finds stressful, another will not. What can be stressful at one time may not cause stress during another time. And the signs and symptoms of stress can also vary from person to person and from year to year. Measuring Stress in Men Stress can be measured in different ways, but testing usually takes the form of a self-report in which a person rates particular experiences, events, or feelings on a defined scale. Perhaps the most well known of these is the SRRS (Social Readjustment Ratings Scale), developed in 1967 by the American psychiatrists Thomas H. Holmes and Richard Rahe.?? The SRRS lists a number of life events assumed to be stressful, such as moving or the death of a spouse or other close loved one. Holmes and Rahe assigned a numerical value to each of these events based on the intensity of the stress. The death of a spouse, for example, was rated the most stressful, at 100, whereas a minor violation of the law was assigned a value of 11. What Stress in Men Looks Like Broadly speaking, stress can be experienced in two ways, physically and psychologically, but the two are interrelated. For example, research has shown that chronic stress can lead to decreased immune function.?? This included an increased risk of infection and decreased ability to fight infection or repair tissue. One study found that stress not only slowed wound healing, it often also led to behaviors that slowed recovery from injury or surgery such as heavy alcohol use or poor self-care.?? Physical Symptoms Remember that stress is an individual experience and that symptoms are too. Signs of disease should not be ignored just because you believe they are stress-related. Get serious  symptoms checked by your doctor. Some potential effects of stress include:?? Chest painPounding heartHigh blood pressureShortness of breathFatigueDiminished or increased sex driveMuscle aches, such as back and neck painHeadachesDizzinessClenched jaws and  grinding teethTightness, dryness or a feeling of a having lump in your throatIndigestionConstipation or diarrheaIncreased perspirationStomach crampsWeight gain  or lossSkin problems Psychological Symptoms If these effects of stress are interfering with your daily life, consult your doctor for advice on how to find relief. Stress management is essential to well-being and something we should practice every day. SadnessDepression??CryingWithdrawal or isolationInsomniaMood swingsWorryRestless anxietyIrritability, anger or decreased anger controlOvereating or anorexiaFeelings of insecurityDecreased productivityJob dissatisfactionChanges in close relationshipsIncreased smokingIncreased use of alcohol and drugs 17 Highly Effective Stress Relievers

Friday, May 22, 2020

Michael Porter s Value Chain Analysis - 1813 Words

The business of ecommerce is rapidly increasing, minute by minute. Companies are finding ways to deliver their products to their customers quicker and easier. With this demand in progress, gaining an advantage is an essential key element to the companies success. To distinguish these viable advantages, Michael Porter created value chain analysis, which views a firm as a series of business processes that each add value to the product or service (Baltzan). The value chain analysis is a valuable source for regulating the greatest possible value for consumers. This topic will be further discussed with two major leading companies, Amazon and EBay. The increase in ecommerce will have an impact on the economy as well. Section2: Industry and Competitors The industry of ecommerce is a look into the future. Many believe that Time is Currency and one day shipping will change the business of ecommerce as a whole. One day shipping is not easy and feasible for all companies because the cost is so high. The major leading companies of this industry are Amazon, Google, EBay, and Wal-Mart, as stated in the assignment. There are many retail companies and department stores who offer one day shipping such as Neiman Marcus and Macy’s. E-commerce delivery business strategies varies depending on the company. The main competitors discussed throughout this paper will be Amazon and eBay. Section3: Value Chain of CORP1 Amazon has created a value chain model to ensure that they have the highestShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Michael Porter s Value Chain Essay1740 Words   |  7 PagesDuring 1985, Michael Porter, one of the most important American economists, introduced one of his most famous theories: â€Å"The Value Chain†. Through this model is possible to describe an organization like a set of processes. Precisely nine processes divided in five primary activities and four support activities that help the business to gain its competitive advantage. The primary activities are composed by â€Å"Inbound Logistics†, â€Å"Operations†, â€Å"Outbound Logistics†, â€Å"Marketing Sales† and â€Å"Service†, whileRead MoreValue Chain and Competitive Forces Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesValue Chain and Competitive Forces: Effects of Information Technology Module 2 Case John Dow ITM524: Fundamentals of Information Technology Management Dr. Somebody Somebody February 4, 2012 Introduction Businesses are established with the sole reason to provide a product or service to a customer with the intend to make a profit. The amount of time, effort, and resources spend should generate a profit. Then, the profit dependsRead MoreValue Chain : Competitive Advantage1444 Words   |  6 PagesValue Chain as Competitive Advantage If a firm sustain profits that exceed the industry average, said firm is said to have a competitive advantage. The goal of any given business strategy is to achieve a competitive advantage. Moreover, the goal of a successful business strategy is a sustainable competitive advantage. The question is how does a firm create that competitive advantage? According to Michael Porter, to achieve a competitive advantage, a firm must perform one or more value creating activitiesRead MoreThe Eco $ Ave Project1388 Words   |  6 Pagescritique the claim that The ECO$AVE project presents a useful value proposition and also present a brief evaluation of opportunities or otherwise, facing the ECO$AVE entrepreneurs. Value proposition is identical as competitive differentiation. 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This report also discusses the way in which organizational resources are mixed to develop company’s abilities, Value Chain Analysis Keane (2008) statedRead MoreValue Chain as Competitive Advantage1024 Words   |  5 PagesValue Chain as Competitive Advantage Unit 3 Assignment Bobby Young-Mentgen GB570 Managing the Value Chain Pricilla Aaltonen Kaplan University September 25, 2012 Value Chain as Competitive Advantage Customer-centric businesses focus on consistently delivering a differentiated experience designed to satisfy the customer. The ultimate goal is to sustain competitive advantage in the marketplace. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate why an effective value chain creates competitive advantageRead MoreValue Chain : Competitive Advantage1492 Words   |  6 PagesValue Chain as Competitive Advantage The idea of a value chain was first proposed by Michael Porter (1985) who identified that the more value an organization creates, the more profitable it is likely to be. 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This will put the organization at the forefront in terms of innovation as well as give the organization a competitive advantage (Hitt amp; Robert, 2011, p.10). Value chain analysis is a model that was developed by Michael Porter to help an organization develop a strategy for its organization. Michael porter suggested that organization activities can be grouped into two major categories which include the following; primary and support activities. Primary activities are those activitiesRead MorePanasonic Case Study1162 Words   |  5 PagesFigure 1: Porter s Five Forces on the Electronics Industry The Value Chain framework of Michael Porter is a model that helps to analyze specific activities through which firms can create value and competitive advantage. From a Management point of view, the Value Chain Framework helps to build a relative competitive advantage, together with Porter s Competitive Advantage thinking. The Value Chain Framework can be seen as helping to maximize corporate value creation. Figure 2: Michael Porters

Thursday, May 7, 2020

Observation Of A Young Child In Their Natural Setting.

Observation of a Young Child in their Natural Setting The value of children is often overlooked today. Children can bring joy and laughter and resemble characteristics of Jesus in their purest form. Children can be humble, sensitive, and take joy in the smallest things in life. The Bible places a significant focus on the importance of children in Psalms. Psalms 127:3-5 states, â€Å"Children are a heritage from the LORD, offspring a reward from him. Like arrows in the hands of a warrior are children born in one’s youth. Blessed is the man whose quiver is full of them. They will not be put to shame when they contend with their opponents in court.† It is evident, through scripture, that the Lord puts significant emphasis on the value of†¦show more content†¦While in the â€Å"jungle† (which was just a small wood located in the back of the house) the children pretended to be hunters surviving off the land. They created houses which required secret passwords to enter. They established friendships with imaginary individuals along their journey, and they hunted the most ferocious beast in the land, obtaining the skills to punish any animal that crossed their path. This would be described as pretend play. In A Childs World Infancy through Adolescent, pretend play is, â€Å"Play involving imaginary people or situations; also, called fantasy play, dramatic play, or imaginary play.† (pg. 275). The children exhibited multiple actions of fantasy play as they stormed through the jungle pretending to survive off the land. The final observation that I made on the children’s behavior was the way they expressed their self-esteem. Both children were very humble with how they displayed their selves. I believe this is because of how their parents have raised them. Both parents are solid Christians who taught both children their worth to Jesus Christ. As a result, both children resemble a child-like genuine faith which was reflected in th eir self-esteem. Both children were confident in who they were, yet humble in who they served. When I commented that they were â€Å"big men† they stated that they were, â€Å"medium men with big hearts†. A Childs World: Infancy through Adolescent definesShow MoreRelatedObservation Research For Children And Young People Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluence naturalistic observation research method with children and young people. It uncovers unknown phenomena and behaviors; it would be difficult to follow people without discovery, and it would also be unethical to observe without their consents. The collection of data is without manipulation of the environment, however, there are influencing factors like ethical, political and social-cultural issues that imposed challenges on observation research with children and young people that are beingRead More Naturalistic Observation Report Essays1698 Words   |  7 Pages Naturalistic observation is a way of observing appl icants in their own natural environment without the contestants realizing the observers are present. My observation took me to different places and settings to complete my assignment where I observed the subjects’ reactions and further relate it with concepts of psychology. This assignment is going to look into the observation at different settings by watching people as they go about their normal activities in their own habitats, and will brieflyRead MoreCyp Core 3.1 Understand Child and Young Person Development. 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For many there were no forms of application, no real life connection, so students did not necessarily see the importance or even the relevance. ScienceRead MoreLack Of A Child Or Adolescent For Severe Cp1161 Words   |  5 PagesThe first area that brings clarity for assessing young people with CP is heterogene ity in the types and severity of CP. CP creates a large spectrum of antisocial and aggressive behavior that range from yelling and temper tantrums to more serious acts such as stealing (McMahon, 2005). In regards to the research that was obtained in this article, the main objective when assessing a child or adolescent for severe CP is to carefully measure the total number of CP, the different types of CP, and theRead MoreThe Developmental Assessment Of Young Children Second Edition ( Dayc 2 ) Essay1060 Words   |  5 PagesDevelopmental Assessment of Young Children-Second Edition (DAYC-2) is a test given to children from birth through age 5 to measure if there are any delays in the early childhood development through the five different domains: cognition, communication, social-emotional development, physical development, and adaptive behavior. This test is individually administered and is norm referenced measure of early childhood development. - The Cognitive Domain measures the child ability to conceptual think,Read MoreThe Purpose Of This Essay Is To Evaluate The Use Of Observation1485 Words   |  6 Pages The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the use of observation as a method of study within psychology. In order to undertake this evaluation the essay will initially discuss two traditional methods of investigation which are experimentation and observation. Furthermore, it will highlight differences between the two methods. In the second part of the essay, a deeper examination of the observational method itself will be undertaken. Here, examples of research in which the use of the observationalRead MoreThis Essay Will Evaluate The Use Of Observation As A Method1388 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will evaluate the use of observation as a method of study within psychology. Initially, the essay will discuss the two traditional methods of investigation which are experimentation and observation, before undertaking a deeper examination of the observational method itself. It will then consider where the use of the observational method has proven successful, with supporting evidence of re search in which it played a key role. In closing, the limitations of the observational method in psychologicalRead More Autism Spectrum Disorder and Interventions1042 Words   |  5 Pagesskills, thinking, and activities. On top of all of those developmental difficulties as many as 70% of children with autism spectrum disorder show challenging behaviors, including aggression, disruptive behaviors, and cause injury to themselves. When a child with autism has disruptive behaviors is can lessen the response to educational intervention and then turn into further separation from children around their age, which increases the caregivers stress related to disruptions in daily activities (LesackRead MoreWk2Assgn706 Words   |  3 PagesApplication Week 2- Daniel Johnson Walden University Children develop quickly at a young age. Young children under the age of six are capable of making thoughtful decisions about their behavior and environment (Epstein, 2003). They may even try to explain their behavior to others. In the case of Josh, a three year old boy that I will use for my observation and assessment project, social skills are still in the process of being developed and he hasnt begun to really start speaking at this point

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Geography †Problem Solving Flooding Free Essays

Problem-solving: Flooding I think that the best solution from the Environment Agency is the Upstream Flood Storage. I think this would be the best option because it will stop the town from getting flooded but also, it would be better downstream. The water will be temporarily stored on fields upstream of the town, on farm land. We will write a custom essay sample on Geography – Problem Solving: Flooding or any similar topic only for you Order Now There may be animals on the fields but they can easily be moved out of the way. This could also lead to new wildlife in the area, although also disrupt the wildlife already there. The flood storage reservoir upstream of the town can hold back floodwater’s, and so reduce the maximum flood flow through the town. A flood storage reservoir remains effective so long as it does not become full of water. Although, if a larger flood occurs, the reservoir fills up and the extra water will flow over the top. One other point is that this will be costly, but could save many businesses and homes from being flooded. I think that the Floodplain Reinstatement (move the town off the flood plain so if the river floods, it won’t matter) is a bad idea because it would be extremely costly and very difficult to persuade the people living in the town to move away. It would be bad for the economy and people would also lose their jobs and businesses in the town. Although, by moving the town out the way of floods, this would mean that the town will no longer get flooded. By doing this, it will also disrupt the wildlife where the town could be moved. The Bypass channels (building an extra channel to take some of the flood water) also would not be such a good idea because they would just make the flood worse downstream. The water would move very quickly through the town, causing the channel to meet the river where the flood will be at the same time. As a result, this saves the town from being flooded but the flood downstream will be worse. Also, the channel may not have a lot of water in it all year round so could affect the wildlife in the area. The additional channel capacity (making the channel deeper and wider so it will hold more water) is a good idea as it could stop small floods from taking place. But, if there was to be a big flood then the water could rise over the top leading the town to flood. The secondary defenses (build flood walls to hold the extra water) could also work well for preventing the small floods, but not for a big flood. As a result, the water could still rise over the top of the walls. How to cite Geography – Problem Solving: Flooding, Essay examples

Monday, April 27, 2020

Internet IT Essays - Computer-mediated Communication, Online Chat

Internet IT The internet offers a huge wealth of information both good and bad, unfortunately the vary nature of the internet makes policing this new domain practically impossible. The internet began as a small university network in the United States and has blossomed into a vast telecommunications network spanning the globe. Today the internet is ruled by no governing body and it is an open society for ideas to be developed and shared in. Unfortunately every society has its seedy underside and the internet is no exception. To fully understand the many layers to this problem, an understanding of net history is required. Some thirty years ago the RAND corporation, Americas first and foremost Cold War think-tank faced a strange strategic problem. The cold war had spawned technologies that allowed countries with nuclear capability to target multiple cities with one missile fired from the other side of the world. Post-nuclear America would need a command and control network, linked from city to city, state to state and base to base. No matter how thoroughly that network was armored or protected, its switches and wiring would always be vulnerable to the impact of atomic bombs. A nuclear bombardment would reduce any network to tatters. Any central authority would be an obvious and immediate target for enemy missiles. The center of a network would be the first place to go. So RAND mulled over this puzzle in deep military secrecy and arrived at their solution. In 1964 their proposed ideas became public. Their network would have no central authority, and it would be designed from the beginning to operate while in tatters. All the nodes in the network would be equal in status to all other nodes, each node having its own authority to originate, pass and receive messages. The messages themselves would be divided into packets, each packet separately addressed. Each packet would begin at some specified source node and end at some other specified destination node. The particular route that the packet took would be unimportant, only the final results counted. Each packet would be tossed around like a hot potato from node to node, more or less in the direction of its destination, until it ended up in the proper place. If big chunks of the network were blown away, which wouldn't matter, the packets would still stay airborne, moving across the field by whatever nodes happened to survive. This system was efficient in any means (especially when compared to the phone system), but it was extremely tough. In the 1960's this concept was thrown around by RAND, MIT and UCLA. In 1969 the first such node was installed in UCLA. By December of 69, there were four nodes on the network, which was called ARPANET, after its Pentagon sponsor. The nodes of the network were high-speed supercomputers. (supercomputers at the time, desktop machines now) Thanks to APRANET scientists and researchers could share one another's computer facilities over long-distances. By the second year of its operation however, APRANET's users had warped the high cost, computer sharing network into a dedicated, high-speed, federally subsidized electronic post office. The main bulk of traffic on ARPANET was not long-distance computing, it was news and personal messages. The incredibly expensive network using the fastest computers on the planet was a message base for gossip and schmooze. Throughout the 70s this very fact made the network grow, its software allowed many different types of computers to become part of the network. Since the network was decentralized it was difficult to stop people from barging in and linking up. In fact nobody wanted to stop them from joining up and this branching complex of networks came to be known as the internet. In 1984 the National Science Foundation got into the act, and the new NSFNET set a blistering pace for technical advancement, linking newer, faster, shinier supercomputers through thicker, faster links. ARPANET formally expired in 1989, a victim of its own success, but its users scarcely noticed as ARPANET's functions not only continued but improved. In 1971 only four nodes existed, today tens of thousands of nodes make up the network and 35 million of users make up the internet community. The internet is and institution that resists institutionalization. The internet community, belonging to everyone yet no-one, resembles our own community in many ways, and is susceptible to many of the same pressures. Business people want the internet put on sounder financial footing. Government people want the Internet more fully regulated. Academics want it dedicated exclusively to scholarly research. Military people want it spyproof and secure.